Combined metal-working machine.



M. SKLUVSKY & G. W, MIXTKER. COMBINED METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18,1906. RENEWBD APB.27.19141.

1,117,101. Patented NW10, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M. SKLOVSKY L G. W. MIXTBR. A COMBINED METAL: WORKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 18,1906. BNEWED APB.`27,1B14. 1 1 1 7, 1 O-l Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M. SKLUVSKY & G. W. MIXTER.

GMBNED METAL WEKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED. JULY 1s, 190e. Rmmwrm Ayn. 27,1914,

1,1 17, 101 Patented NOV.10,1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MAX SKLOVSKY AD GEORGE W. MIXTER, OF MOLINE. ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOBS T DEERE AND COMPANY,\OF FIGLINE, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATIGN 0F ILLINOIS.

COMBINED METAL-WRKING MACHINE Specification of Lettersv Patent.

Application filed July 18, 1906, Serial N0. 326,683. Renewed Apri'. 27, X914. Serial No. 834,818.

i To all whom it may concern Be it known that; we, MAX SltLovsin and GEORGE W. Mlx'rn, citizens of the United Stn-tes. residing at Moline, in the county of Roek Island and State of Illinois, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements '1n Combined Metal-Working Machinos, of which the following is n specitication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

Our invention has for its object to pro duce a machine that is adapted to apply n nut to a bolt and then to npfet or rire-ft the hein] of the bolt. and to pvrforni these operations rapidly und in the proper .seqnenee.

ln theI accompanying drawings.. Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View of n nmrhint QinbodyintgT our iniln'ou-.nn-nt. Fig: l in front view of the sinne. Fig. 2'. is n rentrait vertical section of the ri\'v.ting r portion of the machine drawn on u Inrg'w' amilo thnn the views thus fur described. l"i, r. 4 iE :t t'pp plan view ol' the rnlre dfn-ice ot' the lininmer or riveting mechanism. Fig. is n wntral vertical section tnlien on tlnI line` i, o, of Fig. 4. Fig. t3 is a'bottoni plan \iew ot' *he cylinder in which the lmnnner or rivet ing tool :'nrfiprocntes. Fig. 7 is'. :i dctmzhr-d View of the shaft. lut operates thev worn of the hammer or riveting nzerlnniisni. 8 is u transverse sei-tion on thel iinz S. 8, of Fig. 3. Fig. 9 is :i ec-ntrzil sectional view ofthe main controlling riilve, Fig.. 10 i@ a bottom plan rit-.w of the vulve. l"i. ll and 12 are, respertively, :i sido. und n hottom plain view of tht` movable controlliingr (liyk of this valve.

The Several parti; of the uppnrntur= whirh is reprrsentetl :ire ndtiplnd to he opirntrd hy compressed nir, though other motor tlnid may be employed if that. ho found desir"- ble. le have rvg'lrcsvntml thu. nppnrntns ng lacing uned to apply n nut rf to :i holt l. thune in turn sel-ring to unit'.` two parte. euch :is n nntnl plnlt` t. whii'l. might he :i plow` Shoo or :i woodvn hmm or piet-v l). Thi' nwrlmniszni is niountvd in singlesuhstnntiul i frunw. ihsignuti-(l :is :i whoh` by l and lr0- gine muy he supplied Fig.'

nut. These hitter nieuhaniins nre preforably arranged within n houhinxg E provided With a separable corely ti.

Vlithin the homing; there i arranged :1nd suitably supported n pnrnnnitnf engine T, adapted to rotate the .sh-.itt .ts this engine inn i' he of nur lu.-n:ll or pret'vrrefd con struction, it is not ilhotmtt-d :it nllin det-nil. The motor [luid t'or operating; the cnthronnh the Connetttion 9.

l0 is :i geul; heel ucm-od to the shaft b' `and mehing with :mother wheel ll that is splined to :i shut't 1;' niountull in the forward portion of tlu: honsing. ulnrh muy he especially shaped to rect/iw it, :is inrlitnteil nt. 13. 'lln .,hzift extends: through theJ bottoni wnll 14 oi' tinI housing :ind Can-rien` :it its lowt-r i-nd n 'winni-h lo shaped to lit the nut a.. 'llushaft l2 is longitudinally udjnstnble in ordir that the wrom-h tool Inni' he niort-d townrd :ind troni lht mit :1nd thut it. muy follow tht* nut :u th.- hitter is st'i'ewed npon a holt h v the rotation of the shaft. The Shnft nr-rnulllif is elevated. tfhnt in is moved anni' froin the support lt upon whit-h thiI wort: rests during the not setting und riveting opernlioim, thisl position of parts` lening reprrscntt-d in Fig, while in Fig. l the pnrt`4 :iro shown in their worhin;r positions. nmintoin the wrenrh :|n|`` itx opvrnting shaft fin ulvvnted position, This: spring is prettrnhlv of the coiled rui-ietv :ind oncirchs bottoni plnltl i4 of tluhon'ingr :w u stationary :iliutniont`v :ind the other wd ugninst n wt tollnr IR and lnornhlo with tlv` shut!" 19. 'lhf wrom-h is niowd into en ngi-nwnt with the nnt :Ind lhert` lnld h piu-unintn'oll) operated :.ppnrntnn. which is. :irrnngid to non.

into open-:dion inst hetorc the inotor 7 starts. So that tinl wrom-h is tir t enyogid with tlu` nut und ify then turni-d to .www tlnnot upon the bolt.y thi?` swim-nvr of opornliiom heilig' insured h'v Suilnhln volw inrrhnnisni vonY trolling.r the. llow of the inolor tlnid to tln reepnclvtengines or motors.

19 reprusen .i snrnll ovlinfhr Supported upon the top plziti- '.1 ot' the lioonnbr in line with the \l|ntt lf2.. ll'llhin th(` tvlintlvr iS mounted :i pnton 'tt und a. "nppli piptA 21 eondnvts the` nntoi Itnid tliot :ii-M npon the piston to tht.l Cilinder. 'l hf' piston hun' on gagenient with tinx stolti t2. und when acted spi-nig 1T operates: tir

upon by the motor Huid forces the shaft downward, against the action of the spring 17, so as to bring the wrench into engagement with a nut which may have been placed in position, the parts which the nut and its bolt are to unite resting upon the supports 16. From that face of the piston which is toward the shaft extends a pin 22 that enters a recess formed therefor in the end of the shaft, the engagement thus produced between the piston and the shaft being sutilcientlA loose to permit the free rotation of the s aft. without correspondingly turning the piston.

It will be seen from the foregoing description, taken in connection with' the drawings, that we have produced a nut-setting appa` ratus comprising two independentlyncting motors, one operating to ho d the wrench in engagement with the nut, and the other to rot-ate the'wrench and through it the nut. When the resistance of the nut becomes greater than the power of the motor 7, the atter and the parts driven thereby merely cease to move, pressure upon the parts however bein maintained s0 long as the motor fluid is elivered to the respective motors. It is often desirable to upset or rivet the head of a bolt after a nut has been applied thereto and screwed tightly in place, and we will now describe the mechanism by which this operation is effected.

The pneumatic hammer or riveting tool is secured in place by suitable clam in or holding means 23 upon the lower p at orm or bracket part 3 of the main supporting frame. The frame or casing of the riveting tool or mechanism consists essentially of two parts secured together by bolts 24, or otherwise, the upper part 25 being constructed to receive and support the reciprocating hammer or upsetting tool 26, and the lower part 27 to receive and support the movable clement of the valve mechanism.

The upper member 25 of the'casing of the pneumatic riveting tool is formed with a central axially-disposed chamber 28, in which is secured a cylinder 30 that constitutes the Workin cylinder of the riveting tool or engine. he hammer or tool 26 is mounted in a sleeve or bushing 3l secured in the u per portion of the member 25 and by whicli it is guided and direi-ted in its movements. It is provided at its inner end with a head or piston 32 that tits the cylinder 30 and moves therein, its opposite ends or faces being alternately acted upon by the motor fluid to cause its rapid reciprccaiions in the manner presently to be described. The stem of the reciprocatin tool or ham Iiler is of relatively large diameter und is preferably hollow, as indicated at 43, in order that the ell'ective areas of thc opposite faces of the piston, against which the motor fluid alcrnately acts, may be Widely diiier4 ent,-that on the upper side of the 'piston being the relatively small annular face surrounding the large stem, while the op osito surface, against which the motor Hui acts to force the tool outward to strike the blow, 70

is of an area practically equal to the crossarea of the piston head.

The cylinder 30 is referabl provided at its lower or inner end) with a ead 33 occupying a recess or chamber 34 in the up er end of the casing member 27'. This head) is formed with an outward-extending flange 35, perforated at suitable intervals to permit the passage of the screws or bolts 36 which serve to securely unite the cylinder and its head with the upper member of the pneumatic hammer casing. Through the head 33 there are formed two- Sets of apertures 37,38, which are preferably arranged -c'olrcentric with the axis of the cylinder 3Q.- -Tlie apertures l37 of one set communicate with chambers or ducts 39 forthe'motor fluid formed in the body of the upper cas' member 25, while the apertures or ducts of the other set communicate with the interior of the cylinder 30.

The motor fluid for operating the pneu matic hammer is conducted thereto through a pipe 40, and lpassage 29, the latter commum ting `wit one of the motor fluid cham ers 39. The chambers 39 communicate with each other at their upper' and lower ends-they being separated merely for structural purposes-so that the motor ud can freely act upon the head or piston of the riveting tool 26. In the upper face of the head 33 there is formed an annular or channel 41 that serves as a Comunication between the several ducts or apertures 37 as well as between the lower ends of the several chambers 39.

In the lower casing member 27 there is formed a second chamber 42 directly the chamber 34, communicating therewith, and preferably of smaller diameter. In this latter chamber there is situated the valve 43 that controls the admission and exhaust of themotor Huid to and from the working c linder 30. This valve is of cylindrical disk shape, fits within the recess or chamber 42 closely, and is held against the lower face of the head 33 containin the motor Huid ducts 37 and 38. Exten ing throu h the valve are the apertures 44 which re erably at their lower ends enter an annu ar groove or channel 45 formed in the face of the valve and scrvin as the means of communication between t e several apertures or ducts. There are as many" of these apertures or ducts as there are ducts` or apertures 38 in the head 33, and they are so disposed that when the valve is in suitable position the ducts of one set register with those of the other. There is also formed a channel or groove 46 in the upper face of the valve,

below 4 `faeeto receive such cross-head.

from which lead shortv radiallydisposed ducts or channels 47 extending toward the center of the valve, each arranged midwn between a pair of apert lres 44, as clearly represented in Eig. 4.

The manner of operating the pneumatic hammer can now be stated. If the valve be adjustedto the position indicated in Fig. 3, that is with the radially-disposed ducts 47 opposite the lower open ends of the apertures 38, the motor fluid entering the chambers 39 passes therefrom through the duets or apertures 37 into the channel 46 '1n the upper face of the valve and from there it passes through the ducts 47 to the apertures 38 by which it is led into the cylinder 3() below the piston or head of the hammer or riveting tool. This causes the latter to be forced upward into the position indicated in Figs. 1 and 3, that is into position to strike a blow. At the same time the motor fiuil is acting upon the upper exposed face of the piston, but as the area of this is so much less than that of the opposite or lower face the effect is but slight and may be neglected. After the tool has been advanced to strike a blow the valve is adjusted to bring the upper ends of the apertures or ducts 44 therein opposite to the lower open ends of the ducts 38, and as the ducts 44 communicate with the exhaust the reslilt is that the interior of the cylinder 30 is connected with the exhaust and at the same time cut oil' from the motor fluid supply. The hannuer is retracted. its head 32 moving downward into the cylinder 30 by reason of the action of the motor Huid upon the annular upper tace of the piston. lt will bc observed that the apertures or ducts 38 open into thle cyliiider 30 at some distance above its lower end, so that when the hammer is moved inward its piston closes the inner ports of the air ducts before the end of the piston head reaches thex lower end of the cylinder, thereby forming an air enshion that prevents disastrous shocks to the apparatus. The piston is not parked and hence does not fit the cylinder air-tight. so that when the motor fluid pressure is admitted to the ducts 38 there is sullirient leakage past the piston to start its upward movement, slowly at first. but after the inner ports ol the ducts 3S are uncovered, a l mitting the i'ull force of' the motor fluid to the inner end of the piston, with increasing speed and force.

ln order to effect the movements of the valve 43 we refer to employ the following instrnmentalitics: 49 is a shaft mounted in the lower easing member 27 and provided at itsI upper und with a cross-head 5d that is mlapted to engage with the valve, the latter beingprovided with a recess 5l` in its lower The crosshead is held in close engagement with the valve, and the latter in turn tightly against the under face of the head 33, by a coiled sprin 52 situated in a recess 53 provided thereor in the casing member 27. A pulley 54 is mounted upon the shaft 49 and is connected by a belt 55 with another pulley 56 on a suitable driving shaft 57. Through this train of gearing the valve is rotated. Aduct or passage 58 extends axially through the shaft 49 and constitutes the exhaust passa e for the motor fluid. The course of the ex aust from the cylinder 30 is through the ducts 3S and 44 into the channel 45 which opens into the recess 42 in which extends the end of the shaft 49. From this, hamber the spent motor fiuid passes freely into the open through the duct 58. The valve 43 is provided at its upper side with a screwthreaded socket 59 into which is screwed a post 60 that extends upward axially through the cylinder 30. The post is provided with one or more longitudinal grooves 61 into which extends pins 62 rigidly secured to the hammer or reciprocating tool 26. As the post (10 is secured fast to the valve, and is connerted, as described, with the hammer, it follows that while the latter is free to reciprocate it is caused to rotate with the valve, with the result that the striking end of the head of the hammer is presented to the rivet or work being acted upon at different angular relations at the moments of de livel-ing successive blows.

The motor fluid for operating the several engines or motors which have been described may be received from a single source, and we prefer that the several supply pipes` 9, 2l and 4U should be connected with a three-way valve device 63 arranged to be operated by an attendant in any suitable manner. This valve, which is illustrated in Figs. 9 to 12, is so constructed as to admit the motor Huid to the several engines in proper sequence,- first to the cylinder 19, in order to set the wrench u on th@` nut, next to the engine '7 to canse t le nut to be screwed upon the bolt, and finally to the pneumatic hammer to cause the upsetting or riveting of the head oi the bolt.. As indicated in the drawings, this valve consists of a valve casing 64 provided with a removable head 65. Within the chamber of the casing there is arranged a close-fitting disk or head 66, mounted upon a sti-n1 (i7, to which is secured the operating handle 38. The disk 66 is held close against the head G5 of the easing by a spring 69. The chamber above the head communicates with the .pen air through apertures 70. The head ot' the valve casing is perforated to receive the several fluid pipes, of which the one, 7l, is the suiply pipe for the motor Huid, and is pre erably centrally located, while the others, 9, 21 and 40 lead, respectively. /to the several engines, as already describe In the face of the disk next to the head 65 is formed a branehin channel. illustrated in Fig. 12. The ehanne has a. central portion 72 that stands opposite to and is in constant communication with the suppl)- or inlet pipe 7l. The branch 73 of this channel terminates in an elongated concentrieailydisposed portion 73', that is adapted to register` with the port 21 in the head of the valve casing that leads to the pipe 21 that sup-Y plies the motor Huid to the Wrenehfsetting engine. Branch 74 likewise terminates in a concentrieallywdisposed portion 74', that is adapted to register with the port 9 that communicates with the pipe 9 that supplies the rotating engine 7 that sets the nut. The portion 74 et' this branch is not so long as the portion 73 of the other branch, because, as has been described, the motor fluid is on the engine 19 for a. greater length of time than it is upon the engine 7. The branch 75 communicates with the port 10, and When the disk has been turned to the proper posiv tion this puts the riveting engine in connection with the supply. There are likewise formed in the head or disk 66 a series of cX- haust passages 76--7778, adapted to communicate, respectively, with the ports 21', 9', and 40. Preferably the exhaust passages 77 and 7S are elongated. indicated in Fig. 12.

It wiil be apparent frointhe foregoing description. taken in connection with the drawings that the rotation o1 the valve disk 6G in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 12. will first pnt the wrench setting cylinder 19 into communication with the motor fluid supply, and that such vorunnniiration will be maintained thoughout the entire operation of the a ppin'atus` this being insured by the elongated portion 73 of the supply' channel. Next. the engine T is connected with the inotor iluid supply. and finally the riveting tooly or hannner is connected up therewith. The hannner continues to operate so long as the attendant holds the disk 66 in the fartherinost position of movement.`

in the direction indicated by the arrow. (Figf 12?. ythe'other engines being incan- `while supplied with niotive fluid and hence operating. the one to press the wrench downward so that it constitutes an abutment against which the riveting foo] may work, and the other to maintain a turning stress upon the wrench. VWhen the rivet has been set the attendant reverses the motion of the disk. This first culs oif the supply of motor fluid from the riveting engine.y and then immediately connects its cylinder with the exhaust through the 78 and 70. Next, the motor duid is cut off from the rotating nut-setting engine 7, and its cylinder is opened to the exhaust through the passages. including those designated 77 and 70; and finally the motor duid is out olf from the cylinder 19, which is put into communication with the exhaust through passa es which include those indicated at 76 and %0. By reason of the passages 7S and 77 being elongated, the riveting and nutsetting en gines remain connected with the Xhaust until, and so long as, the engine 19 is connected therewith.

lt will he understood that power is appiied to the several motors so long as t e valve is kept open. so that if the riveting o eration should result in any loosening of t ie bolt in its seat, as is frequently the ease, such looseness will be taken up by the tightening of the nut to which pressure is constantly applied through the wrench and the two motors that act thereupon.

As the shaft 57 may be constantly or intermittently driven as desired, We have not deemed it necessary to show the connections of the driving mechanism therefor.

In practice, the shaft 49 is caused to make about sixty revolutions per minute and, as there are twelve apertures 44 in the valve and a like number of apertures 38 in the head 33, it follows that there Will be approximately seven hundred reeiprocations of the hammer per minute when the parts are run at the speed stated.

We do not. herein claim the particular riveting mechanism which we have shown and described as this is covered by our copending` application for riveting machines, Serial No. 690,991, filed April 15, 1912, as a division of this application.

That I claim is:w

1. In a machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the combination of a wrench adapted to engage the nut, means for turning the wrench to screw the nut upon the holt, and ineans for riveting or upsetting one end of the. bolt arranged to operate upon the bolt while itis in position to be. engaged by the wrench. substantially as set forth.

2. ln a. machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the combination of a wrench adapted to engage the nut, means for turning the wrench to screw the not upon the bolt, and means for rivetingr or upsetting the head of the bolt arranged to operate upon the bolt while. it is in position to be engaged by the wrench, substantially as set forth.

3. In a. machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the emnbination of means for turning the nut to screw it upon the holt, means for riveting or upsetting one end of the bolt arranged to operate upon the bolt While the latter is in position to be engaged by the mitturning means, and means to support the work against movement while it is being operated upon, substantially as set forth.

4. ln a machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the combination of means for screwing the nut upon the bolt, means for riveting or upsetting one end of the bolt, and means, 13e

for causing the simultaneous o eration of the nut-screwing means and t e riveting means, substantially as set forth,

5. In a machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the combination of means for screwing the nut upon one end of the bolt, means for riveting or upsetting the opposite end of the bol-t, and means for causing the simultaneous operation of the nut-screwing means and the riveting means,"substantia1ly as set forth. i Y

6. In a machine for effecting bolt fastenings the combination with a support for the worli, of means for setting the nut upon the bolt-arranged to one side of the said support/,'means for upsetting or riveting one end of the bolt to which the nut has been applied arranged on the opposite side of the holder or support, and means for operating the said parts, substantially as set forth.

.7. In a machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the combination of the Wrench, a. shaft carxying said wrench, means for turning the sha t, means for moving the shaft endvvise to bring the Wrench into engagement with the nut, and maintaining pressure thereon in the direction of said movement, and riveting means arranged in line with the shaft to upset the head of the bolt, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a. machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the combination of a wrench, a motor for moving the wrench into engagement vith the nut, -a motor for turning the wrench to screw the nut upon the bolt, a hammer. or tool for riveting or upsetting one end of the bolt, a motor for operating the said riveting or upsetting too, and a valve device controlling the admission of motive Huid to the said motors2 constructed to bring them into operation in'the order named,v substantially as set forth.

.9. In a machine for after-.ting bolt tastenings, the combination of a wrench, a motor -one end of the bolt, a motor for operating the said riveting or upsetting tool, and a. controlling device for bringing the said motors into operation in the order named, substantially as set forth.

10. In a machine for effecting bolt fastenings.y the combination of a Wrench, a motor for moving the Wrench into engagement with the nut, a motor for turning the wrench to screw the nut upon the bolt, a hammer or tool for riveting or upsetting one end of the bolt, a motor for o erating the said riveting or upsetting too and a valve device controlling the admission of motive {iuid to the said motors constructed to bring them into operation in the order named und to maintain the first two under pressure While the riveting operations take place, substantially as set forth.

11.. In a machine for effecting bolt fastenings, the combination of a Wrench, a motor for moving the wrench into engagement with the. the nut, a motor for turning the Wrench to screw the nut upon the bolt, a hammer or tool for rivetin or upsetting one end of the bolt, a motor or operating the riveting or upsetting tool, and a device for controlling the operation of the said motors' adapted to brin the riveting motor into' operation after t 1e wrench motors, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof We aiiix our signatures, in presence of two Witnesses.

MAX SKLOVSKY. GEORGE W. MIXTER. Witnesses:

C. H. Porn, F. D. Hom'.

Cqrrertion nfLetters Patent'lNo.f1`,117,101.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,117,101, granted November 1()` *1914, upon'the application of Max Sklovsky and George W. Mixter, of' Moline,

Illinois, foren improvement in Combined Metal-Working Machines, an error y appenni in thel printed specification requiring correction as foilows: Page l, line 47,

for ie word Aor readfo; and that. the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein 1.119,15E the same muy conforni to the record of thehcese in the Patent i Oce.

Sighedand eead thislth day of December, A. D., 1914.

J. T. NEWTON,

' -Actf'fng Commissioner of Patents. 

